Recent Books (Fiction)

  • Joe Haldeman: Marsbound

    Joe Haldeman: Marsbound
    Martian colonies are an old subject for SF, and this novel is in some ways an old-fashioned treatment, with the traditional elements of young settler, contact with Martians, and an alien menace. The plot and characters are so well done, however, that the story is fresh. The flavor is Heinleinesque, but the heroine is no Podkayne of Mars. (*****)

  • Neal Stephenson: Anathem

    Neal Stephenson: Anathem
    If you have not a smidgen of interest in how Platonic philosophy relates to the "many worlds" version of quantum mechanics, you still may like this novel, though you'll probably wish that the characters talked less. Persevere. After a slow start, the story grows compelling, and the intellectual dialogues turn out not to be digressions. (*****)

  • Charles Stross: Halting State

    Charles Stross: Halting State
    A bank robbery inside an on-line RPG leads throws a misfit programmer and an introverted forensic accountant into a real life game, international intrigue and each other's arms. May be the first readable novel ever written in the second person singular. 2008 Hugo Award nominee. (****)

  • John Scalzi: The Last Colony

    John Scalzi: The Last Colony
    Space opera in a universe much like a computer game setting. The super-soldiers of Old Man's War and The Ghost Brigades, now retired, find themselves at the focus of a galactic war. Helped by luck, enemy idiocy and aliens ex machina, mankind survives. 2008 Hugo Award nominee. (****)

  • Joe Haldeman: The Accidental Time Machine

    Joe Haldeman: The Accidental Time Machine
    Maybe all the variations on time travel are played out, but Joe Haldeman makes the old tropes enjoyable in this story of a down-on-his-luck grad student who invents a time machine without really trying. The resolution of the ensuing paradoxes comes very near to being credible. (****)

  • Ian McDonald: Brasyl

    Ian McDonald: Brasyl
    Three Brazils - past, present and future - twined together by a multiverse-wide conflict. The heroes are mostly antiheroic, and the milieu is more frenetic than credible, but it's no surprise that this novel is a 2008 Hugo Award nominee. I much preferred River of Gods and the author's other future-India tales. (***)

  • Connie Willis: All Seated on the Ground

    Connie Willis: All Seated on the Ground
    Connie Willis's annual Christmas story; a comedy about alien visitors who act much like annoyed maiden aunts. Making contact is a twin triumph of civility and true love. The story is also a good test of your knowledge of Christmas carols. 2008 Best Novella Hugo Award nominee. (*****)

  • Robert Ferrigno: Sins of the Assassin

    Robert Ferrigno: Sins of the Assassin
    The middle volume of a trilogy about a near-future, Moslem-dominated U.S. Most of the action takes place in the independent "Bible Belt", where resistance to Islamic domination is sometimes heroic and sometimes pathological. More of a pure thriller than its predecessor but good on its own terms (****)

  • Michael Chabon: The Yiddish Policemen's Union

    Michael Chabon: The Yiddish Policemen's Union
    I either mildly like or sharply detest this blend of hard-boiled detective story and alternate history; I'm not sure which. The setting is as grotesque as Gormenghast, the prose is as overwrought as Clark Ashton Smith's, and the hero cop makes Philip Marlowe look like a gentleman. The book oozes atmosphere, but maybe it's a little toxic. 2008 Hugo Award nominee. (***)

  • Mike Resnick: A Club in Montmartre: An Encounter with Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

    Mike Resnick: A Club in Montmartre: An Encounter with Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
    Something different from this SF great's facile pen: An historical novel about Toulouse-Lautrec and the creation of his famous Moulin Rouge poster, seen from the point of view of a waif sheltered by the troubled artist. One in a series called Art Encounters, aimed at YA's but instructive and entertaining for anyone. (*****)

  • Connie Willis: D.A.

    Connie Willis: D.A.
    Connie Willis sends up overfamiliar "space academy" stories with this one about the only girl on Earth who has no desire to enroll. Then she is informed that her "application" has been accepted. Is it a weird mistake? A devious plot? Can she get out? Funny, though the moral is rather pat. (*****)

  • Kathleen Ann Goonan: In War Times

    Kathleen Ann Goonan: In War Times
    The author builds this multiple universes story around her father's World War II diary, which is at least as interesting as the energetic, but not wholly coherent, main plot. The ending is a JFK assassination theory with a Ron Paulian(!) twist. Also included is more than I wanted to read about the WWII jazz scene. Overall, a book I would have liked to like better and that others may enjoy vastly. (****)

  • Marie Phillips: Gods Behaving Badly: A Novel

    Marie Phillips: Gods Behaving Badly: A Novel
    Pagan gods lingering, with diminishing powers, into the modern world isn't a new idea, but this tale is a pretty good use of it. The personalities of Artemis, Apollo, Aphrodite et al. are deftly fitted into present day London. The humans in the story, a couple of shy underachievers, are a bit drippy, and the resolution to the gods' difficulties is one that would be highly unpleasant for us mortals. (***)

  • Alfred Duggan: Lord Geoffrey's Fancy

    Alfred Duggan: Lord Geoffrey's Fancy
    Perhaps the finest book of one of England's finest historical novelists. The setting is 13th Century Greece, where Crusaders fought each other and the shattered Byzantine Empire. The history is accurate, the writing graceful and the characters not merely modern people in fancy dress. (*****)

  • Clark Ashton Smith: The White Sybil and Other Stories

    Clark Ashton Smith: The White Sybil and Other Stories
    A slim, representative sampling of Ashton Smith's weird, richly worded fiction. The best pieces are highly readable today; the less good are at least entertaining and will enhance the reader's vocabulary. (****)

  • Robert J. Sawyer: Rollback

    Robert J. Sawyer: Rollback
    Life extension and first contact are the twin themes of Sawyer's latest novel. Intermixed is a good deal of thoughtful, though elementary, philosophical pondering. "Rollback" is a hugely expensive procedure for restoring youth. A benefactor offers it to the world's foremost SETI researcher after an alien culture replies to a message she sent 37 years ago. She will accept the gift only if her husband gets the treatment, too. Then things go wrong. High quality work by a first rate, if slightly didactic, writer. 2008 Hugo Award nominee. (****)

  • Michael Flynn: Eifelheim

    Michael Flynn: Eifelheim
    A double narrative: the appearance of shipwrecked aliens in a 14th Century German village and the 21st Century discovery of the event. The interaction between a brilliant human theologian and rather ordinary denizens of an advanced civilization challenges chronologically based prejudices. 2007 Hugo Award nominee (*****)

  • Vernor Vinge: Rainbows End: A Novel With One Foot In The Future

    Vernor Vinge: Rainbows End: A Novel With One Foot In The Future
    In a near future in which every crank can deploy WMD's that make contemporary Islamofascists look like schoolboys, a poet who has lost his talent and his spunky granddaughter find themselves up against a conspiracy to solve the world's problems by eliminating free will. The careful extrapolation is mixed with some silly ideas and burdened with a sentimental Alzheimer's recovery story. 2007 Hugo Award nominee (****)

  • Charles Stross: Glasshouse

    Charles Stross: Glasshouse
    Set after the post-Singularity future of the author's other writings, this novel follows a hero who must lose his memory and change his sex to infiltrate a recreated 1950's world that may be central to a plot to set up a dictatorship based on computer viruses. 2007 Hugo Award nominee (*****)

  • Peter Watts: Blindsight

    Peter Watts: Blindsight
    The exploration of a giant alien artifact twists that familiar subgenre with a plausible, though ultimately unconvincing, argument that human self-awareness is a deleterious evolutionary accident. Characters include a vampire, a linguist with multiple personalities, a couple of cyborgs and a narrator whose special skill is absence of empathy. 2007 Hugo Award nominee (****)

  • Naomi Novik: His Majesty's Dragon (Temeraire, Book 1)

    Naomi Novik: His Majesty's Dragon (Temeraire, Book 1)
    Horatio Hornblower in the skies. In a fantasy parallel world exactly like the Europe of the Napoleonic Wars except for the addition of giant dragons, stalwart Englishmen and their draconian companions thwart Bonaparte's foul designs. Fun but lighter than air. 2007 Hugo Award nominee (***)

  • Tim Powers: Three Days to Never: A Novel

    Tim Powers: Three Days to Never: A Novel
    Time travel, ghosts, Albert Einstein's daughter, ancient conspiracies, a blind assassin, a Mossad agent who will die if he hears the telephone ring: With his customary bravura and skill, Tim Powers fashions a coherent and exciting story out of a strange assortment of materials. (*****)

  • Tobias S. Buckell: Crystal Rain

    Tobias S. Buckell: Crystal Rain
    An inventive tale of a human colony isolated from galactic civilization, split between warring cultures and caught up in a vast conflict between alien races. Characters include an amnesiac ex-hero who wants to spend a peaceful retirement with his family, a quasi-human killing machine, a spy desperate to betray his masters, and a harried female dictator. Deserving of Hugo consideration. (****)

  • James Patrick Kelly: Burn

    James Patrick Kelly: Burn
    In a galaxy-spanning future, the planet Walden is a self-proclaimed "paradise" founded on simplicity and rejection of high technology. It also faces the problems of terrorism and disillusion, recounted through the story of a firefighter with a soul-corroding secret. A well-wrought picture of a distinctly odd society, with a plot whose moral dilemmas evade pat answers. Nominated for the Best Novella Hugo Award for 2006. (*****)

  • Rodney Bolt: History Play : The Lives and Afterlife of Christopher Marlowe

    Rodney Bolt: History Play : The Lives and Afterlife of Christopher Marlowe
    A pseudo-history springing from the premise that Shakespeare's flashy predecessor survived the famous Deptford brawl and fled to the continent, where he secretly wrote almost all of the Bard's works. A clever, tongue-in-cheek reworking of literary history, with the bonus of vividly recreating the milieu shared by many real Elizabethan exiles. (****)

  • Robert Ferrigno: Prayers for the Assassin

    Robert Ferrigno: Prayers for the Assassin
    A combination of suspense novel and a plausible vision of America after a Moslem takeover. It loses a star only because defeating the super-villain is just a trifle too easy. Review. (****)

  • Terry Pratchett: Thud!

    Terry Pratchett: Thud!
    After 30 books, one might fear that Discworld is in danger of fatigue. Au contraire, this witty, vigorous tale of the culmination of an ages-old conflict between dwarfs and trolls, with Sam Vimes and Ankh-Morpork in the middle, is one of the strongest volumes yet. (*****)

  • Neil Gaiman: Anansi Boys

    Neil Gaiman: Anansi Boys
    Calling this comic novel a "sequel" to American Gods conveys the wrong impression. Anansi Boys is smaller in scope, funnier and more humane, though it likewise tells a story of dwindling gods adrift in the contemporary world. Anti-hero "Spider" steals the show and begs to be played by Will Smith in the movie version. (*****)

  • Stephen L. Antczak: Daydreams Undertaken

    Stephen L. Antczak: Daydreams Undertaken
    15 SF tales, mostly from "little" magazines, in which weird events affecting weird people are recounted as if they happened every day. This volume may be a high-priced cult item 20 years from now. (****)

  • Connie Willis: Inside Job

    Connie Willis: Inside Job
    The editor of a paranormal-skeptic magazine and his beautiful assistant encounter a most unlikely ghost: ueber-skeptic H. L. Mencken. Connie Willis in her lightest, funniest vein. Nominated for the Best Novella Hugo Award for 2006. (*****)

  • Matthew Pearl: The Dante Club

    Matthew Pearl: The Dante Club
    Literary mystery involving Boston's post-Civil War intellectual elite in a series of atrocious murders inspired by Dante's Divine Comedy. Weak as a whodunit, strong on atmosphere. (****)

  • David Selbourne: The City of Light: The Hidden Journal of the Man Who Entered China Four Years Before Marco Polo

    David Selbourne: The City of Light: The Hidden Journal of the Man Who Entered China Four Years Before Marco Polo
    Supposedly the journal of Jewish merchant who visited China c. 1270, this historical novel uses an encounter between Judaism and medieval China as a springboard for a lightly disguised examination of contemporary political and moral issues. Since Selbourne is a fascinating thinker, his characters' thoughts are fascinating, too. (****)

  • Iain Pears: An Instance of the Fingerpost

    Iain Pears: An Instance of the Fingerpost
    Mystery set in Restoration England. The murder of an Oxford don is recounted from four widely different viewpoints. Heavy on period detail. Metamorphoses into theological fantasy at the end, which may displease some readers. (****)

  • Steven E. Plaut: The Scout

    Steven E. Plaut: The Scout
    Short novel based on the true story of an Arab scout in Israeli service. (****)

  • John Derbyshire: Fire from the Sun

    John Derbyshire: Fire from the Sun
    Three-decker novel about the contrasting, intersecting lives of a Chinese boy and girl, born in the same mainland village and brought to America by force of circumstances. Romantic and compelling. (****)

  • H. N. Turteltaub [Harry Turtledove]: The Sacred Land

    H. N. Turteltaub [Harry Turtledove]: The Sacred Land
    Third volume in a series of seafaring adventures set in the Hellenistic era. Ill-matched merchant cousins Menedemos and Sostratos seek profit in exotic Tyre and Jerusalem. (*****)

  • Robert J. Sawyer: Humans (Neanderthal Parallax, vol. 2)

    Robert J. Sawyer: Humans (Neanderthal Parallax, vol. 2)
    2004 Hugo Award nominee. Middle volume of a trilogy, and it shows. A novelette's worth of plot as man and woman from parallel worlds slowly and predictably fall in love. (***)

  • Terry Pratchett: A Hat Full of Sky

    Terry Pratchett: A Hat Full of Sky
    Ostensible children's book that will also appeal to adults. The education of a young witch — far more "realistic" than Harry Potter. (*****)

  • Lois McMaster Bujold: Paladin of Souls

    Lois McMaster Bujold: Paladin of Souls
    2004 Hugo Award Best Novel. A middle-aged heroine and worked-out imaginary paganism set this book apart from run-of-the-sword medievalesque fantasy. Hinging the plot on the nuances of a made-up theology was less clever. Sequel to The Curse of Chalion, with different characters brought to the foreground. (****)

  • Jasper Fforde: The Well of Lost Plots

    Jasper Fforde: The Well of Lost Plots
    Thursday Next continues her hectic adventures in a universe where books come alive, literally. Newcomers should start with The Eyre Affair (****)

  • H. N. Turteltaub [Harry Turtledove]: Over the Wine-Dark Sea

    H. N. Turteltaub [Harry Turtledove]: Over the Wine-Dark Sea
    First in a series of O'Brian-like nautical adventures set in the tumultuous times following the death of Alexander the Great. The Aubrey and Maturin are merchant cousins, devil-may-care Menedemos and intellectual Sostratos, who roam the Mediterranean looking for profit and girls, while avoiding storms, pirates and jealous husbands. Meandering plot but great fun. (*****)

  • Charles W. Chesnutt: Stories, Novels, and Essays (Library of America, 131)

    Charles W. Chesnutt: Stories, Novels, and Essays (Library of America, 131)
    Fiction and essays by a black American writer who deserves a wider audience. (****)

  • Dan Simmons: Ilium

    Dan Simmons: Ilium
    2004 Hugo Award nominee. The Trojan War, high-tech deities, robots from the outer reaches of the Solar System and an Eloi-like Earth combine in typically weird Simmons fashion. Alas, much waits to be explicated in the sequel. (****)

  • Harry Turtledove: Gunpowder Empire

    Harry Turtledove: Gunpowder Empire
    Debut of a juvenile series set in parallel worlds. 22nd century teen siblings, trapped without adult aid in a besieged city, must cope with the bizarre (to them) customs and prejudices of a never-fallen Roman Empire. [Rating is for 11-17 year olds; adults may find the book too didactic and unsubtle for their tastes.] (*****)

  • Terry Pratchett: Going Postal

    Terry Pratchett: Going Postal
    A small-time con man must choose between death and the Ankh-Morpork post office - and takes the more dangerous option. Big business, fraud, low-tech hacking, young love and general hilarity. Pratchett's best novel since Pyramids. (*****)

  • E. Viollet-Le-Duc: Annals of a Fortress: Twenty-Two Centuries of Siege Warfare

    E. Viollet-Le-Duc: Annals of a Fortress: Twenty-Two Centuries of Siege Warfare
    This combined novel and treatise traces the history of an imaginary French fortress from the 4th Century B.C. through the Napoleonic Wars, featuring detailed accounts of seven sieges. (****)

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Thursday, June 19, 2008

Our Future First Couple

Barack:

Osama bin Laden and his top leadership — the people who murdered 3,000 Americans — have a safe-haven in northwest Pakistan, where they operate with such freedom of action that they can still put out hate-filled audiotapes to the outside world. That’s the result of the Bush-McCain approach to the war on terrorism.

I begin to understand: We should have invaded Pakistan instead of Iraq!

That would certainly have been a more interesting conflict. Pakistan’s army and air force are larger, better equipped and more professional than Saddam Hussein’s ever were, and we would have to reach the country either through amphibious assault or by making a deal for bases in India. Also, war with Pakistan would have satisfied the First Liberal Principle of War-making: minimal relationship to American national interests. We’ll leave to one side the question of how easy it would be to locate Osama in the mountains of the Northwest Frontier and serve an arrest warrant.

Michelle:

When the human papillomavirus vaccine, which can prevent cervical cancer, became available, researchers proposed approaching local school principals about enlisting black teenage girls as research subjects.
Mrs. Obama stopped that. The prospect of white doctors performing a trial with black teenage girls summoned the specter of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment of the mid-20th century, when white doctors let hundreds of black men go untreated to study the disease.

So the callousness of bigoted doctors in the pre-civil rights South (who in any case had no effective means of treating syphilis) is a reason to prohibit life-saving medical research today? I’d like to say something humorously dismissive, but, frankly, I’m appalled. Can we at least extract a promise from Senator Obama that, should he be elected President, this woman will be required to remain strictly silent about all matters of public policy for the next four (or eight) years?

Tuesday, June 17, 2008

Cleanliness Is Next to Ungodliness

Washington State, a center of Gaia worship and the Cult of the Goracle, has banned dishwashing detergents that contain more than 0.5 percent phosphorous. Rather, it has banned their use by individual households. Restaurants and other institutions can still suds up with whatever brand they like. Ordinary housewives are stuck with low phosphorous products that won’t get dishes clean without the assistance of vigorous washing by hand (and are more expensive, too).

The excuse is saving lakes from eutrophication. The reason is the enforcement of Green Shari’ah, as this excerpt makes clear:

At a June 9 Bellingham City Council meeting, council member Terry Bornemann took issue with the idea that the water output of places such as Western Washington University and St. Joseph Hospital probably equal that of the city, yet they are not affected by the ban. [Okay, the reporter should be arrested for cold, bloody murder of the English tongue, but you get the drift.]
[State Department of Ecology spokesminion Katie] Skipper said this ban is about individual responsibility, reducing phosphorus on a house-by-house level. She did not know if the ban would ever be directed toward commercial or industrial use.

The Law must be obeyed for the sake of The Law. Whether the obedience does any good is a question only the godless would ask.

For the time being, only two unlucky counties are affected. The rest of the state gets hit in two years. I imagine that smuggling rings are already laying plans to smuggle Cascade and Electrosol across the border from Idaho.

Wednesday, May 07, 2008

Quote of the Day

Roy Spencer, “More Carbon Dioxide, Please”:

It is quite possible that the biosphere (vegetation, sea life, etc.) has been starved for atmospheric CO2. Before humans started burning fossil fuels, vegetation and ocean plankton had been gobbling up as much CO2 out of the atmosphere as they could, but it was like a vacuum cleaner trying to suck through a stopped-up hose.
Now, no matter how much CO2 we pump into the atmosphere each year, the biosphere takes out an average of 50 percent of that extra amount. Even after we triple the amount of CO2 we produce, nature still takes out 50 percent of the extra amount.
I think it is time for scientists to consider the possibility that more CO2 in the atmosphere might, on the whole, be good for life on Earth. Oh, I’m sure there will be some species which are hurt more than helped, but this is true of any change in nature. . . .
The view that nature was in some sort of preferred, yet fragile, state of balance before humans came along is arbitrary and philosophical — even religious. It is entirely possible that there are other, more preferable states of balance in nature which are more robust and less fragile than whatever the state of nature was before we came along.
You would think that science is the last place you would find such religious opinions, yet they dominate the worldview of scientists. Natural scientists tend to worship nature, and they then teach others to worship nature, too . . . all under the guise of “science.” . . .
The automatic assumption that mankind’s production of CO2 by burning of fossil fuels is bad for the environment needs to be critically examined. Unfortunately, scientists who question that point of view are immediately branded as shills for Big Oil.

Sunday, March 09, 2008

DST: More Than Ever and No Better for It

This year, we get an additional month of Daylight Saving Time, so tomorrow will see a national case of jet lag, with the accompanying rise in fatal accidents. The tradeoff is supposedly a minute decrease in energy consumption. Where are the chants of “No Blood for Oil!” when we need them?

This year, inspired by Jonah Goldberg’s fine book on Liberal Fascism, I have a new thought on the evils of this semiannual resetting of the clock.

The case for DST has always rested on more than its alleged economic benefits. I remember when, in my childhood, Washington State voted on adopting the gimmick. The “yes” campaign ads didn’t say a word about energy; their slogan was, “Enjoy an extra hour of daylight”. As a preteen, I could see that the “extra” hour was merely shifted from another part of the day. Older citizens were evidently more gullible, as the measure passed handily.

At what hour people wake up and go to bed ought to be outside the scope of the government’s interest, if anything is. Yet DST proponents presume to decide the preferred shape of everybody’s day and pass laws to promote that preference. This is nannyism on stilts. The health nazis at least have the excuse that most of what they wish to ban really is bad for your health. Trying to force people to change their sleep schedules twice a year lacks that justification (in fact, is unhealthy) and, once the diaphanous economic arguments are taken off the table, serves only a gauzy aesthetic purpose. The images of kids playing in the park and couples strolling in the sunset as twilight gently falls are poetic but ridiculously far outside the legitimate concerns of government. Here is another instance, to add to the many that Jonah cites, of petty fascism creeping in.

Thursday, March 06, 2008

Random Reading: Saxons, Vikings, Celts – And Ice Cream Parlors

[First of an occasional series]

The wanderings of primitive peoples are one of the great romances of history, made more romantic and mysterious by the shortage of direct evidence. Somehow, somewhen the Indo-European languages reached points as far separated as the Ganges River valley and the British Isles, and the cultivation of plants spread from a handful of locations to the entire world. Other languages and technologies, too, wandered far from their birth places. No one recorded the ways and means. We do not know what to attribute to mass migrations, what to the travels of a few artisans, what to the adoption of techniques from neighbors, what to independent invention. Did agriculturalists and metal workers colonize new territories, driving out or exterminating the aboriginal inhabitants, or did such advances spread through peaceable interchange? Can we trace mass migrations in the prehistory of language, or only the success of an elite dialect or commercial lingua franca? Parallels in recorded history show that many causes can produce identical effects. English prevailed in North America and Australia, because the indigenes were overwhelmed by migrants, Latin in Western Europe because it was the language of the Roman conquerors, Swahili in sub-Saharan Africa because it was useful for trade.

Lately the ambiguous evidence of archeology and linguistics has been supplemented by DNA analysis, which offers insights into the direct ancestry of living humans. Geneticists can establish, for instance, that everyone alive today is descended from a woman who probably lived in Africa about 200,000 years ago. (Those facts don’t, incidentally, prove that the human race originated at that time and place. Logically, we all must have a common ancestress. She might lived before homo sapiens existed as a distinguishable species or long after. There are, however, other reasons, notably the lack of diversity in the human genome when compared to other species, that lead to the conclusion that we are a very recent arrival in the biosphere.) Similarly, seven maternal and five paternal ancestors have been identified for the vast majority of Europeans. They are dated and placed variously, from 45,000 years ago in Greece to 8,000 B.C. in Syria, using methods that rely on an heroic assumptions, e. g., that the rate of mutation of mitochondrial DNA was constant over the pertinent time periods. Still, despite all uncertainties, it is suggestive that one ancestress apparently dwelled in an early center of agriculture and that her descendants seem to have arrived in the various regions of Europe pari passu with neolithic farming.

Bryan Sykes, an Oxford professor and the founder of Oxford Ancestors, which ingeniously combines fund raising and research by selling individuals the results obtained by examining samples of their DNA, is one of the pioneers in this field. He has also written three books to explain it to the layman, the most recent of which is titled Saxons, Vikings, and Celts in America or, much more colorfully, Blood of the Isles in Britain.

Unhappily for such a promising topic, either Professor Sykes or his publisher has evidently decided that people who buy books about the scientific exploration of human ancestry know no history and want to know no science. Or it could be that the author has taken the human genome as a model: Most of the material in our chromosomes is “junk DNA”, serving no purpose but padding. Saxons, Vikings, and Celts is padded like an insecure debutante: sales pitches for Oxford Ancestors, descriptions of the scenery of the Scottish isles, praise for the fine organization of British blood drives, reminiscences of professional colleagues, accounts of local folklore, even a recommendation for a particularly fine ice cream parlor in Lampeter, Wales.

The on-topic padding consists of potted history, mostly very elemen