Bret Stephens’ column in today’s Wall Street Journal puts forward the highly believable theory that Vladimir Putin, Russia’s aspiring Mussolini, has deliberately selected the United States as his enemy. Finding an external foe is a familiar tactic of despots presiding over faltering economies and dying societies, but why has this one fixed on America as the focus of hostility? Why not, say, Moslem terrorists, who have inflicted real damage on his countrymen, or Red China, with which Russia shares a long border and a history of inimical relations? It scarcely seems rational to quarrel with a giant when numerous pigmies are close at hand.
Putin’s conduct is mysterious, yet it is so commonplace that we don’t really see the mystery. Throughout the world, wherever tyrants hold sway, America is their preferred adversary. Historically, superpowers have attracted sycophants. Our country is the first to draw jeers from the very sort of rulers who would be expected to curry our favor (the kind who did curry it during the Cold War, when we faced the problem of how to accept the proffered friendship of right-wing dictators without tainting our cause).
Maybe Hugo Chávez, another minor league Mussolini, offers us a clue to this strange state of affairs. His anti-Americanism is shrill to the point of self-parody, and he has no powerful protectors. He isn’t even an especially popular member of the tyrants’ club, as his poor showing in the recent U.N. Security Council elections revealed. In the past, his reign would have been clownish and short, ending like that of an Arbenz or a Noriega. In today’s world, by contrast, he is perfectly secure from external threat. If the United States were to take any steps to undermine him, the effort would meet furious denunciation – from Americans. Indeed, a Kennedy kinsman and former U.S. Congressman has unapologetically set up a business partnership with Chávez-controlled Citgo, one of the obvious purposes of which is to gain a following for the Venezuelan caudillo within the nation that he excoriates so furiously.
What Messrs. Putin and Chávez and a score of other America-haters – in North Korea, Iran, Syria, Cuba, Bolivia et al, not to mention the anti-American political parties that dominate much of Europe – have in common is that they have nothing to fear. The United States is a convenient enemy. Portraying it as a sinister force requires no imagination; an entire demonology has been constructed by two or three generations of leftist critics of American society. At the same time, this Satan is passive toward its self-avowed enemies. If President Putin directed his venom at al-Qa’eda or Peking, he would anticipate retaliation. The United States may utter an occasional harsh word. Or it may offer inducements to good behavior, as it did to North Korea during the Clinton Administration, does to Russia today, and may to Iran and Syria in the near future. What it does not do is treat enemies like anything worse than wayward friends.
Saddam Hussein was the one great exception, but the swiftness with which elite opinion repudiated his ouster from power, and the ease with which it has seemingly carried the day with public opinion, makes his fate the opposite of a warning. One might say, only slightly prophetically, Saddam died that Putin and Chávez and Ahmadinejad and Kim Jong-Il might live without fear.
Many people, including most American liberals, are delighted that no one is afraid of us. If we are to wield any influence at all (and quite a few doubt that we should), it ought to be the influence acquired by pure, disinterested benevolence, on the model of Cheeryble Brothers in Nicholas Nickleby.
The world would be a happier place if that strategy had any prospect of success. I see no signs, however, that kindliness in foreign affairs has won us anybody’s love. The reductio ad absurdam was the videotaped testament of a 9/11 hijacker, who offered as a primary reason for detesting America our role in Bosnia – where our soldiers defended his fellow Moslems against our fellow Christians. If that display of disinterest and benevolence won us no plaudits, what ever will?
Not only does that liberal strategy yield no positive results. It also aggravates our problems. In the immediate aftermath of the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, there was remarkably little Islamofascist resistance. Mark Steyn visited Fallujah without an escort. That was the period when the world momentarily thought that the “hyperpower” might act powerfully, and no one wished to risk becoming the next Saddam. Libya surrendered its weapons development programs. Pakistan cracked down on free lance sellers of nuclear secrets. The Proliferation Security Initiative garnered more international cooperation than ever before. Syria was compelled to relinquish its stranglehold on Lebanon. Middle Eastern governments made democratic gestures that they hoped would please neoconservatives in Washington.
Then men of ill will figured out that the immediate post-9/11 period was an anomaly. With the victory last month of the Cheeryble Party, followed instantly by intimations that the Bush Administration has given up on the principles that it espoused over the past five years, the convenient enemy is back, more toothless and supine than ever.
This pernicious normalcy effectively abandons the fate of the planet to the worst elements of the international political class. Without the United States of America, there is no active counterbalance against the faux Mussolinis and would-be caliphs. Thus the world is fated to see a steady increase in despotism, warfare, civil strife, impoverishment, fanaticism and genocide. Liberals wish that all away with magical thinking, relying on the tyrants’ club at Turtle Bay to discipline its members. Paleoconservatives fantasize about living comfortably behind border fences and trade barriers. When the history of the coming Dark Age is written – assuming that writers of history survive that epoch – men will have difficulty believing that such illusions once existed and that a potential age of gold was sacrificed on their altar.